1). What is an AVO meter?
AVO Meter – Ampere, Volt and Ohm Meter
AVO meter is a meter that is used to measure the electrical circuit & the values of current, voltage, and resistance.
2). What is Bridge Megger? What is its application?
Bridge Meggers are used to accurately measure the lowest value of resistances, as well as the motor winding resistance & transformer winding resistance during preventative maintenance.
Each of the 3 windings should have the same amount of winding resistance.
3). What kind of cables are used in the oil fields?
- PVC – Ploy Vinyl Chloride
- XLPE – Cross Linked Poly Ethylene
- LC – Lead covered
- SWA – Steel wire armoured
- PILC – Paper Insulated Lead Covered Cable
- MICC – Mineral Insulated Copper Conductor
4). Why do oil fields utilize lead-covered cables?
Due to hydrocarbon gas and chemical corrosion harming PVC insulation, LC-lead covered cables are employed in oil fields.
5). Which kind of cable glands are used in the oil field?
Double compression glands are used in explosion-proof environments to prevent gas from getting inside the electrical equipment.
6). Why the battery room is typically a hazardous identified classification?
It will fall into gas group II C due to the evolution of hydrogen.
7). What are the hazards while working in Electricity?
- Insufficient wiring.
- Electrical components that are exposed
- Wire with inadequate insulation.
- Electrical systems and instruments that have been buried
- Circuits that are overloaded
- Power tools & equipment that have been damaged Using the incorrect PPE and tools
- Over-head powerlines
- Wet weather causes all hazards.
8). What precautions should be taken to prevent electrocution?
- An approved work permit is required for all electrical work.
- Electrical work can be performed by an authorized person who has been authorized by the appropriate maintenance team.
- Electrical safety in view of switchboards (or) high-voltage equipment, floor mats made of a certain grade of insulating rubber must be provided.
- As an early warning notice for excavations, caution tape on top of underground cables & electrical cable les must be provided.
- All movable electrical equipment should be authorized by the maintenance team & used only in areas where it is appropriate.
- Do not reach into locations that may contain electrified parts impulsively.
- Enter any area where proper illumination and working space are not available.
- On all locations other than offices, only industrial type plugs & sockets shall be used.
9). What type of fire extinguisher is utilized to put out a fire occurred by electrical wires?
Carbon-Tetra-Chloride fire extinguishers are utilized to extinguish fires caused by electrical conducts.
10). How have oil and gas installations implemented API RP 500 and API RP 505 electrical safety standards?
The API Recommended Practice 500 (RP 500) specifies a recommended method for categorizing the locations of electrical installations at the oil facilities. They fall into the categories of class 1, division 1, & division 2. The division system is referred to as RP 500. It provides recommendations for grading positions at
- Petroleum refineries,
- Production and drilling areas, and
- Pipeline transportation facilities
for electrical equipment selection and installation.
API RP 505, standard practice for classifying oil facility electrical installation locations as class I & zone 0 & zone 1 & zone 2. The zone system is also known as RP 505. Depending on the facility type and location, both API 500 and API 505 are used and applied.
11). Describe the fundamental concepts behind the electrical systems employed in the oil & gas sector?
Resources such as oil and natural gas are in high demand and remain to be so for the energy and transportation sectors. Businesses operating in these industries frequently struggle to implement efficient electrical systems that can fulfil the energy needs without affecting safety and dependability.
The positive aspect is that contemporary electrical systems are built to withstand the strains and requirements of processes in all areas of the oil & gas sector. Modern electrical infrastructure combines a secure and dependable power supply with innovative information management systems that can be modified to meet different needs.
12). What is the use of lighting system in oil and gas industry?
Proper lighting solutions may significantly improve performance, quality, and protection in any industry, whether they are used indoors or outdoors. It’s important to the oil and gas industry that this equipment adheres to NEC & IEC standards for both hazardous and non-hazardous regions. Among these lighting systems are:
- LEDs, fluorescent, HIDs, floodlights, induction, and incandescent lighting solutions for hazardous and corrosive areas.
- Emergency lighting systems, exit signs, compact fluorescents, obstacle lighting, and visual signals are all examples of emergency lighting for both hazardous and non-hazardous areas. A lot of these are provided with LEDs.
- Parking and pathway lighting, outside building floodlighting, general indoor/outdoor illumination using incandescent, fluorescent, HID, and LED luminaries, etc.
13). What are the primary responsibilities of an electrical technician in the oil and gas industry?
- To gain thorough knowledge of electrical systems in the oil and gas industry.
- Should be aware of how to use the appropriate software to create a stable power system for various projects.
- The ability to troubleshoot (identifying the faults and solving them) and examine new power systems in case of any potential problems.
- To develop the capacity to identify potential issues with the power system.
14). What function do electrical systems serve in the oil and gas sector?
In the oil and gas sector, electrical systems are used for a variety of tasks, such as controlling processes, lighting, and powering equipment and safety measures. They are necessary for the operation of
- Compressors,
- Pumps,
- Motors, and
other equipment used in the operations of exploration, manufacturing, refining, and transportation.
15). What do the oil and gas industry’s hazardous area classifications entail, and how do they apply to electrical installations?
Locations that may include
- Flammable gases,
- Vapours, (or)
- Combustible dusts
are classified as hazardous areas.
These locations are typical in the oil & gas sector because of the nature of the materials involved. The use of equipment rated for hazardous settings, such as explosion-proof (or) intrinsically safe equipment, is frequently required for electrical installations in such locations.
These installations have to comply to strict rules and be intended to reduce the risk of igniting and explosions.
16). Which electrical risks are most prevalent in oil & gas facilities?
- Arc flashes,
- Electrical shocks,
- Equipment failures, and
- Short circuits
are typical electrical risks in oil and gas installations.
If not properly handled through correct installation, maintenance, & safety standards, these hazards can cause severe injuries, fires, and equipment damage.
17). How do offshore oil rigs (or) platforms distribute power?
Generators powered by turbines or engines are commonly used to produce electricity on offshore oil rigs (or) platforms. The generated energy is subsequently distributed to different loads throughout the facility, such as drilling equipment,
- Lodging facilities,
- Navigation systems, &
- Other operational components, through switchgear and transformers.
18). What steps are taken to prevent corrosion of electrical equipment in marine environments?
Electrical equipment is at risk of corrosion from saltwater exposure in marine conditions, particularly in offshore operations.
Equipment is frequently coated with anti-corrosion compounds to prevent this, and enclosures are made to be watertight & sealed to stop water intrusion.
To quickly identify and resolve any corrosion indicators, routine inspections & maintenance are essential.
19). How is electrical machinery preserved on an offshore platform in the case of a fire?
Fire protection systems are needed on offshore platforms to reduce the possibility of a fire spreading & harming important machinery. The platform has installed fire detection & suppression systems, and electrical equipment may be housed in fire-resistant enclosures.
Electrical shutdown systems may be implemented in the event of a fire to turn off the power to specific locations and prevent the situation from getting worse.
20). How are problems with power quality handled in the oil & gas sector?
Problems with power quality can affect delicate operations and equipment. Power quality monitoring systems are used by the oil and gas sector to identify problems including
- Voltage sags,
- Surges,
- Harmonics, and
- Flicker.
To lessen power quality issues, remediation techniques can be used, such as the use of surge protectors and power conditioning devices.
21). What safety procedures apply to electrical service and maintenance in oil & gas facilities?
Strict adherence to safety regulations is necessary for electrical maintenance in oil & gas facilities to prevent failures and accidents. Lockout/tagout procedures are used properly to de-energize & isolate equipment before any maintenance work starts.
Maintenance duties are carried out by qualified individuals who have received training in using hazardous electrical equipment.
Personal protection equipment (PPE) is utilized as well to reduce dangers.
22). What are an electrical technician’s primary responsibilities in the oil and gas sector?
Electrical equipment & systems in the oil and gas sector are installed, maintained, troubleshoot, and repaired by electrical professionals. Working on electrical equipment used in oil and gas operations can include fixing
- Generators,
- Motors,
- Control panels,
- Lighting systems, and other equipment.
23). What safety measures must electrical technicians who operate in the oil & gas industry follow?
Due to the hazardous conditions of the workplace, safety is of the utmost significance in the oil & gas industry.
To protect themselves from any electrical hazards, electrical technicians must confirm to lockout/tagout procedures, wear the proper personal protective equipment (PPE), & follow strict safety measures.
24). Which kind of electrical machinery is frequently seen in oil & gas facilities?
- Electrical motors,
- Transformers,
- Switchgear,
- Control systems,
- Variable frequency drives (VFDs), and
- Instrumentation devices
are the electrical components found in oil and gas infrastructure. For places in hazardous areas where explosive conditions may be present, they also need specialized equipment.
25). How essential is preventive maintenance to the oil and gas sector, and what role do electrical professionals perform in it?
- To minimize downtime,
- Lower expensive failures, and
- Assure the security and
- Effectiveness of operations,
preventive maintenance is essential in the oil and gas sector.
Regular inspections, testing, and maintenance of electrical systems by electrical specialists are essential for identifying any concerns early on and resolving them.
